Oil awd gas burner



Feb. 26 1924. 1,484,814 L. G. DANIELS OIL AND GAS BURNER Filed Jan. 17,. 1922 ma@ '15H Patented Feb. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OIL .AND GAS BURNER.

Application filed January 17, 1922.

T all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LEE G. DANinLs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of Vinnebago and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil and Gas Burners, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to liquid fuel l0 burners adapted for use in heaters and furnaces, and has more particular reference to oil burners, and also to a combination oil and gas burner. The liquid fuel used in burners of this character is a hydrocarbon, low gravity oil which is inherently difficult to bring to a state of combustion, especially with a simple and inexpensive burner, such as the requirements of this trade demand.

One of the important objects of the present invention is the provision of a combined oil and gas burner of novel construction which will be practical and efficient. In this regard, my invention contemplates the use of gas, first as a pilot lighter to facilitate starting the burner, and secondly as a primary burner in conjunction with the oil burner to suit the conditions and requirements of those localities in which both oil and gas may be economically used as fuel.

Another object is the provision of an oil burner comprising the following principal parts, namely: a base, a burner bowl and an air pipe casing arranged in a novel and particularly advantageous manner and permitting ready assembly and accurate adjustment of the parts to obtain most efficient results.

Still another object is the provision of an air pipe or air supply casing embodying heat radiating ribs designed to increase the efficiency of the burner;

In furtherance of the foregoing, I have aimed to provide a burner consisting of comparatively few parts constructed in such simple manner that they may be produced at a low cost and may be quickly and easily assembled and adjusted, and which when in operative condition will function very efficiently and will serve in a satisfactory man ner the purposes intended.

Other objects and attendant advantages will be appreciated by those skilled in this art as the invention becomes better under- Serial No. 529,824.

stood by reference to the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which-m Figure 1 is a top view of a burner embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the burner taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Figs. 3 and 4; are detail sectional views taken substantially on the lines 3-3 and 4`4E of Figs. 1 and 2, respectively.

The principal parts mentioned above, namely, the base plate, burner bowl and airpipe casing are designated generally by characters 6, 7 and 8, respectively. These parts are preferably castings. The base plate 6, annular in form, has a peripheral flange 9 and is adapted to be permanently set into a furnace or heater, preferably by cementing below the flange 9.

The burner bowl 7 has an annular portion 11 adjustably supported on the base plate as will be described, and has a bowl portion 12 at the center of which is formed an upstanding burner 13. This burner is of frusto-conical shape and is referred to herein as a cone burner. There is a central fuel passage 14 through the burner proper, and a liquid fuel supply pipe 15 connects with the lower end of this fuel passage. Any suitable means may be provided for regulating the flow or feed of fuel through the pipe 15, such for example as a regulating valve 16. An overflow pipe 17 is provided for the bowl 12 as a safety factor, permitting overflow of the liquid fuel to actuate a shut-off valve, such as described in my copending application Serial No. 529,823 in the event that the burner llame should accidentally be extinguished. However, any suitable safety device may be employed, although its use is not essential to the present invention. The burner bowl is also shaped to provide a plurality, four in the present instance, of circumferentially spaced vertical air passages 18. The means for adjustably supporting the burner bowl on the base plate consists in the present instance of a number of equally spaced set screws 19 threadingly engaged in the rim portion of the bowl 11, as shown in Fig. 3, and resting on the-top of the plate 6. Byproper adjustment of these set screws the burner bowl may be very accurately leveled, that is, as regards position of the burner proper, so that the oil rising in the passage 14 will be equally distributed over the top of the cone burner and will flow down evenly over the entire peripheral area of said burner. Such an adjustment is an important factor in a burner of this character as it is a means of insuring equal distribution of the oil and promotes better combustion and greater etliciency. rlphe set screws may be locked in the set position by means of a suitable plastic filling 2l which may, if desired, be subsec quently removed for the purpose of readj usting the set screws in the event that the burner should get out of alignment by shifting or settling of the furnace.

The air supply casing is shaped to provide a central mixing chamber 22 surrounding the burner 13 and further to provide radial pipes 2B registering with the air passages 18. The pipe portions 23 of the air supply casing seat on the burner bowl and thus support said casing in position. The mixing chamber 2,2 has at its lower end an annular outlet 2a about the burner, through which outlet the products of combustion escape, as will be presently described. rllhe air drawn into the mixing chamber through the passages 18 and the pipes 23 will be heated by reason oiz the fact that the burner flames envelop the pipes 23. lhis air will be brought to a high temperature by reason of the radiating' ribs 25 formed on the interior walls of the pipes 23 and shaped to follow the general course of the air therethrough.

l have now provided a gas burner combined in a novel manner with the oil burner and adapted to serve both as a pilot lighter and as a primary burner, or in conjunction with the oil burner, or independently thereof. ln the present example7 this burner consists of a hood of inverted cup shaped cap 26 supported by the air supply casing 8 centrally above and inclosing the top of the burner 13. it @as supply 27 connects with the gas burner as shown, and the gas is delivered downwardly through a jet opening 28 into the chamber 29 formed by the hood 26. The gas will issue through the opening 31 peripherally about the cone burner 13 and the flame will completely envelop said cone, thereby bringing to a state of combustion the film of oil flowing down the peripheral wall of the cone.

ln operation5 the gas burner serves as a pilot burner and by heating the cone burner enables quick and convenient lighting of the oil burner. This pilot lighter is especially desirable, because of its convenience as distinguished from prior oil burners now in common use., which are more or less incoi'ivenient and difficult to light. 'lhis fai ,asas

cility of lighting has another advantage. lt ins res a continuous llame, which in the absence of a pilot burner is sometimes extinguished by a strong or sudden draft. rlhe gas burner may be also used as a primary burner either in conjunction with the oil burner or independently thereof, according to the conditions at hand. This is especially desirable in those communities in which both oil and natural gas are available as fuel but the supply varies and at certain times in the year may be very low either on account of increased consumption or for other reasons. ln such event, the owner of a burner of the character described herein may adjust the fuel feed to best suit the particular conditions at hand. As regards the function of the burner, it will be inanifest that the oil rising in the passage 1d will flow over the top of the cone burner, equally distributed circuinferentially thereabout, and will dow down the periphery of said burner. The oil will be heated rst by conduction from the burner, which in turn has been heated by the gas flame and y combustion oit the oil on the periphery of the burner, and will be finally heated and brought to a state of combustion by the flame at the bottom of the mixing chamber. ln eflicient operation et this burner the oil will be consumed before it reaches the bottom of the cone. il will also be noted that by reason of the facilities for heating the air, quicker and better combustion will be insured.

lt is believed that the foregoing conveys a clear understanding of the objects prefaced above7 and while l have illustrated but a single working embodiment7 it should be understood that considerable change might be made in details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of 'the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

l claiml. ln a liquid fuel burner, the combination of a cone burner, a central fuel supply passage therein, whereby the fuel flows over the top and down over the periphery of the cone burner, a gas supply hood embracing the top of the. cone burner and leaving a peripheral opening about the same, and a gas supply pipe entering said hood from one side thereof, whereby a gas flame will be delivered downwardly peripherally about the cone burner.

2. l'n a burner of the character described7 the combination of a burner bowl having an upstanding` cone burner provided with a central oil passage from which the oil flows over the top of the burner and down the outer side thereof, an air supply casing over said burner, and a gas supply pipe extending upwardly through the burner bowl at one side of the burner and upwardly Cil through the air supply casing and thence laterally to a point in proximity to said burner for issuing a gas flame downwardly onto the cone. burner.

3. A burner of the character described comprising a stationary annular base plate, a burner bowl supported on said base plate and having a central upstanding. cone burner and a plurality of circumferentially spaced vertical air passages, an air-supply casing supported. on said bowl and shaped to provide a n'iixing chamber about the cone burner and a plurality of air pipes radiating from said mixing chamber and registering with the air passages in the bowl, said easing having an outlet above the cone burner at the bottom of said mixing chamber, and a gas burner in said mixing chamber for issuing a flame peripherally of the cone burner.

et. A liquid fuel burner of the character described comprising an annular base plate, an annular burner bowl seated on the base plate and having a central upstandingl` burner cone and circumferentially spaced vertical air passages, a fuel supply pipe connected to said cone burner, an air pipe casing seated on the burner casing` and having air passages registering with those in the burner casing, said passages terminating in a mixing compartiment surrounding' the cone burner and having a lower outlet for the escape of products of combustion, a. gas supply hood concentric with and embracing' the cone burner, and a pipe for supplying gas to said hood, whereby the gas flame is directed downwardly about the cone burner.

5. A burner of the character described comprising an annular base plate, a burner bowl adapted to be seated on the base plate and carrying an upstanding burner and a mixing chamber casing about the burner, and means adjustably supporting the burner bowl upon said base plate for leveling the burner.

G. A burner of the character described comprising an annular base plate, a burner bowl adapted to be seated on the base plate and carrying an upstanding burner and a mixing chamber casing about the burner, and means adjustably supporting the burner bowl upon said base plate comprising a plurality of adjustable elements spaced circuinferentially of the burner bowl for effecting vertical adjustment of the bowl with respect to the base plate.

7. A burner of the character described comprising a base adapted to be iixedly secured in a furnace or heater, an upstanding liquid fuel burner having a central fuel supply passage through which fuel is delivered over the top of the burner and downwardly over the peripheral wall thereof5 and means supporting the burner on said base with capacity for adjustment to insure even distribution of the oil over said peripheral wall.

8. In a burner of the character described, the combination of a burner bowl, a cone burner therein, a mixing chamber about the burner, said burner having a central vertical liquid fuel supply passage whereby the fuel will flow over the top of the burner and do-wn the outer side thereof, and means for adjusting said cone burner to insure even distribution of the oil peripherally about the burner.

9. In a liquid fuel burner of the character described, the combination of a burner bowl having a central upstanding cone burner, an air supply casing forming a mixing chamber about the burner and providing a plurality of radiating air pipes, and heat radiating ribs in said air pipe.

l0. In a liquid fuel burner of the character described, the combination of a central burner, a casing providing a mixing chamber about the burner, and air supply pipes radiating from said mixing chamber and having internal heat radiating ribs.

1l. A burner of the character described comprising a burner bowl having a central upst'anding cone burner, a fuel-supply pipe connected to said cone burner, whereby fuel Will be delivered downwardly over the outer side of the burner, said bowl having a plurality of circumferentially spaced vertical air passages, an airsupply casing above the burner bowl forming a mixing chamber about the cone burner and having a plurality of air-supply pipes radiating from said chamber and registering with said vertical passages, a gas burner in said mixing chamber carried by the aii` supply easing, and means for supplying gas to said burner.

l2. A burner of the character described comprising a burner bowl having a central opstanding cone burner, a fuel-supply pipe connected to said cone burner, whereby fuel will be delivered downwardly over the outer side of the burner, said bowl having a plurality of circumferentially spaced vertical air passages, an air-supply casing above the burner bowl forming a mixing chamber about the cone burner and having a plurality of air-supply pipes radiating from said chamber and registering with said vertical passages, a gas burner carried by the air supply casing above the cone burner, and means for supplying gas to said burner.

13. A. burner of the character described comprising a burner bowl having a central upstanding cone burner, a fuel-supply pipe connected to said cone burner, whereby fuel will be delivered downwardly over the outer side of the burner, said bowl having a plurality of circumferentially spaced vertical air passages, an airsupply casing above the burner bowl forming a. mixing chamber llO 5 loer,

l0 air supply casing overreaching the burner i ,aceite ifi bowl adapted to be heated by the burner and to deliver air thereto Jfor supporting combustion, and a gas supply conduit extending' through said air supply casing and having a delivery opening` directed downwardly toward the burner for delivering a gas flame onto said burner for heating it and igniting the liquid fuel.

LEE G. DANllELS. 

